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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) pretreatment before total hysterectomy for adenomyosis patients with uterine volume ≥12 gestational weeks and moderate or severe anemia.Methods:From January 2018 to March 2023, 689 patients who underwent total hysterectomy for adenomyosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. According to the preoperative medication, they were divided into study group (127 cases) and control group (562 cases). Patients in the study group underwent GnRH-a pretreatment for 3 cycles before surgery, and the control group received operation directly. SPSS 26.0 software was used to perform 1∶1 matching for the two groups of patients through the propensity score matching method. Matching variables included age, body mass index, gravidity, parity, history of pelvic and abdominal surgery, menstrual cycle, menstrual period, dysmenorrhea score, initial diagnosis of cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), uterine volume and hemoglobin value. The dysmenorrhea score, uterine volume, hemoglobin value and CA 125 level before and after GnRH-a pretreatment in the study group were compared. And the duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative white blood cell count, perioperative blood transfusion cases, postoperative disease rate, duration of hospitalization, total hospitalization cost between the two groups were compared. Results:With propensity score matching, 119 patients in the study group and 119 patients in the control group were finally enrolled in this study. In the study group, before and after the treatment with GnRH-a, the dysmenorrhea score (7.4±1.7 vs 5.6±1.8), uterine volume [(362±160) vs (233±126) cm 3], hemoglobin value [(74.1±10.7) vs (102.5±13.5) g/L], and CA 125 level [(104±76) vs (64±51) kU/L] were statistically different (all P<0.05). There were statistical differences of operation time [(86±18) vs (116±31) minutes], intraoperative blood loss [(24±9) vs (43±22) ml], white blood cell count after 1 day of operation [(9.80±0.10)×10 9/L vs (9.90±0.10)×10 9/L], number of perioperative blood transfusion case [5.9% (7/119) vs 61.3% (73/119)], postoperative disease rate [5.0% (6/119) vs 16.0% (19/119)], hospitalization duration [(7.1±1.6) vs (7.9±1.6) days], and total hospitalization cost [(35 323±5 275) vs (37 159±5 640) yuan] between the study group and the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The pretreatment of using GnRH-a before total hysterectomy for adenomyosis patients with uterine volume ≥12 gestational weeks and moderate or severe anemia is not only conducive to improving dysmenorrhea, signs of anemia, reducing uterine volume, but also conducive to the implementation of surgery, reducing intraoperative and postoperative complications, and reducing hospital costs.
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The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has rapidly spread globally. Cancer patients are at a higher risk of being infected with the coronavirus and are more likely to develop severe complications, as compared to the general population. The increasing spread of COVID-19 presents challenges for the clinical care of patients with gynecological malignancies. Concerted efforts should be put into managing gynecological malignancies in an orderly manner by strictly implementing the measures that are specifically developed for controlling the spread of COVID-19. We have drafted Recommendations on Management of Gynecological Malignancies during the COVID-19 Pandemic based on our experience on controlling COVID-19 pandemic in China. We recommend that patients with gynecological malignancies should be managed in hierarchical and individualized manners in combination with local conditions related to COVID-19. Medical care decision should be balanced between controlling COVID-19 pandemic spread and timely diagnosis and treatment for gynecologic oncology patients.
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The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has rapidly spread globally. Cancer patients are at a higher risk of being infected with the coronavirus and are more likely to develop severe complications, as compared to the general population. The increasing spread of COVID-19 presents challenges for the clinical care of patients with gynecological malignancies. Concerted efforts should be put into managing gynecological malignancies in an orderly manner by strictly implementing the measures that are specifically developed for controlling the spread of COVID-19. We have drafted Recommendations on Management of Gynecological Malignancies during the COVID-19 Pandemic based on our experience on controlling COVID-19 pandemic in China. We recommend that patients with gynecological malignancies should be managed in hierarchical and individualized manners in combination with local conditions related to COVID-19. Medical care decision should be balanced between controlling COVID-19 pandemic spread and timely diagnosis and treatment for gynecologic oncology patients.
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Objective:To explore the clinical value by analyzing the application of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in the uterine curettage treatment for patients with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Methods:Totally 42 CSP patients in the first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were analyzed retrospectively, 21 cases in the observation group, placing the balloon catheter to the abdominal aorta under the renal artery under the digital substraction angiography(DSA), conducting curettage under hysteroscopy or uterine laparoscopy immediately, and making intermittent blockage in abdominal aorta blood flow during the surgery;21 patients in the control group, conducting uterine artery embolization (UAE) before operation, conducting curettage under hysteroscopy or uterine laparoscopy after 1-3 days. The fluoroscopy time under DSA, body surface radiation dose, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, hospitalization time and follow-up menstruation were comparatively analyzed.Results:All patients operated and retained the uterus successfully. In the control group, all 21 patients had different degrees of fever, pain and other symptoms after UAE. In the observation group and control group, the fluoroscopy time and body surface radiation dose under DSA respectively were (7.4±1.4) s, (5.4±1.1) mGy and (1 142.8±315.5) s, (1 442.0±300.0) mGy (both P<0.01);the average amount of intraoperative blood loss were (22±15), (19±14) ml ( P>0.05), the time of uterine curettage were (37±20), (42±19) minutes ( P>0.05);hospitalization time were (5.0±0.9), (7.7±1.3) days ( P<0.01). The follow-up period was more than 3 months, no adverse reactions were observed in the observation group; 4 cases of menstrual reduction and 1 case of intrauterine adhesions were found in the control group. Conclusion:Abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and UAE could effectively reduce intraoperative bleeding in uterine curettage for patients with CSP; abdominal aortic balloon occlusion has significant reduction of the X-ray dose, shorter hospitalization time, and fewer adverse events comparing to UAE.
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Objective:To investigate the surgical complications in the treatment of stage Ⅰ endometrial cancer by robotic-assisted laparoscopy, the risk degree of Clavein-Dindo complications and the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of surgical complications.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2014 to June 2019. The patients were divided into robotic-assisted laparoscopy group and traditional laparoscopy group according to the operation mode, including 131 cases in robot group and 290 cases in traditional laparoscopy group. To compare the complications during and after operation and the risk degree of complications between the two groups by Clavein-Dindo classification standard, the age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, past history of pelvic surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, preoperative anemia, number of pelvic lymph node resection, number of abdominal aortic lymph node resection, the total number of lymph node resection, operation time, surgical methods (robot surgery or traditional laparoscopic surgery) and other clinicopathological data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results:(1) Complications of operation: the incidence of operative complications (including intraoperative and postoperative complications) in robot group was significantly lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [(20.6%, 27/131) vs (34.8%, 101/290); χ 2=8.620, P=0.003)]. The incidence of intraoperative complications in robot group was lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [1.5% (2/131) vs 6.2% (18/290); χ 2=4.368, P=0.037]. The incidence of intraoperative vascular injury in robot group was significantly lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [0.8% (1/131) vs 5.2% (15/290); χ 2=4.798, P=0.022]. The incidence of postoperative complications in robot group was also lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [19.1% (25/131) vs 28.6% (83/290); χ 2=4.303, P=0.038], but the incidence of postoperative lymphatic leakage in robot group was higher than that in traditional laparoscopy group [10.7% (14/131) vs 5.2% (15/290); χ 2=4.279, P=0.039]. (2) Clavein-Dindo classification: the incidence of Clavein-Dindo Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ grade between two groups were respectively 3.8% (5/131) vs 11.0% (32/290), 13.7% (18/131) vs 14.5% (42/290), 3.1% (4/131) vs 8.6% (25/290), 0 (0/131) vs 0.3% (1/290), 0 (0/131) vs 0.3% (1/290), and the incidence of grade Ⅰ (χ 2=5.684, P=0.015) and Ⅲ (χ 2=4.361, P=0.037) complications were statistically significant. The incidence of severe complications in robot group (grade Ⅲ and above) was lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [3.1% (4/131) vs 9.3% (27/290); χ 2=5.179, P=0.023]. (3) Analysis of influencing factors of surgical complications: univariate analysis showed that BMI (χ 2=15.801, P=0.000), preoperative anemia (χ 2=14.299, P=0.000), total number of lymph node resection (χ 2=10.425, P=0.001), surgical methods (χ 2=8.620, P=0.003) were related to the occurrence of surgical complications of endometrial carcinoma. Multivariate analysis showed that BMI ( OR=0.289, 95% CI: 0.097-0.864, P=0.026), preoperative anemia ( OR=0.309, 95% CI: 0.129-0.740, P=0.008), the total number of lymph node resection ( OR=0.624, 95% CI: 0.403-0.966, P=0.034) and surgical methods ( OR=3.491, 95% CI: 1.030-11.840, P=0.045) were independent risk factors for surgical complications of endometrial carcinoma. Conclusions:Compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery has fewer complications and lower incidence of severe complications. BMI, preoperative anemia, the total number of lymph node resection and surgical methods are independent risk factors for the occurrence of surgical complications of stage Ⅰ endometrial cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of cancer susceptibility candidate gene 19 (CASC19) regulating the expression of microRNA-449b-5p (miR-449b-5p) on the proliferation, apoptosis and radiation sensitivity of cervical cancer cells.Methods:(1) HeLa cells of cervical cancer cell line were cultured. HeLa cells were irradiated with X-ray at different doses (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy, respectively), then the expression level of CASC19 mRNA and miR-449b-5p were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. (2) HeLa cell proliferation, apoptosis, radiation sensitivity (expressed as a survival fraction) and its related protein expression included cyclin D1, cleaved-caspase-3, and histone variant H2AX (γ-H2AX) were examined after different treatment including silencing CASC19 expression, over-expressing miR-449b-5p, down-regulating miR-449b-5p and silencing CASC19 expression. (3) The dual luciferase reporter gene experiment and real-time quantitative PCR technology were used to verify the targeting relationship between CASC19 and miR-449b-5p.Results:(1) With the increase of X-ray irradiation different dose (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy), the expression level of CASC19 mRNA in HeLa cells gradually increased ( F=502.681, P=0.000), and the expression level of miR-449b-5p gradually decreased ( F=202.936, P=0.000).(2) After silencing CASC19 expression or over-expressing miR-449b-5p, the survival rate of HeLa cells was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), the apoptosis rate was significantly increased ( P<0.05), the survival fraction was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), the expression level of cyclin D1 protein was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), and the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and γ-H2AX protein were significantly increased ( P<0.05). After down-regulating miR-449b-5p and silencing CASC19 expression, the survival rate of HeLa cells was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), the apoptosis rate was significantly increased ( P<0.05), the survival fraction was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), the expression levels of cyclin D1 and γ-H2AX protein were significantly increased ( P<0.05), and the expression level of cleaved-caspase-3 was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). (3) Over expression of miR-449b-5p could significantly reduce the luciferase activity of CASC19 wild type (1.00±0.09 versus 0.37±0.05, P<0.01), but there were no significant effect on the luciferase activity of CASC19 mutant type (0.92±0.07 versus 0.94±0.05, P>0.05). After the expression of CASC19 was silenced, the expression level of miR-449b-5p in HeLa cells increased significantly (1.00±0.12 versus 4.84±0.49, P<0.05). After overexpression of CASC19, the expression level of miR-449b-5p in HeLa cells was significantly reduced (1.00±0.09 versus 0.38±0.04, P<0.05). Conclusion:CASC19 in HeLa cells negatively regulates the expression of miR-449b-5p, and down-regulating the expression of miR-449b-5p could partially reverse the effects of silencing CASC19 on HeLa cell proliferation, apoptosis and radiation sensitivity.
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Objective@#To investigate the surgical complications in the treatment of stage Ⅰ endometrial cancer by robotic-assisted laparoscopy, the risk degree of Clavein-Dindo complications and the main risk factors affecting the occurrence of surgical complications.@*Methods@#A retrospective case-control study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2014 to June 2019. The patients were divided into robotic-assisted laparoscopy group and traditional laparoscopy group according to the operation mode, including 131 cases in robot group and 290 cases in traditional laparoscopy group. To compare the complications during and after operation and the risk degree of complications between the two groups by Clavein-Dindo classification standard, the age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, past history of pelvic surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, preoperative anemia, number of pelvic lymph node resection, number of abdominal aortic lymph node resection, the total number of lymph node resection, operation time, surgical methods (robot surgery or traditional laparoscopic surgery) and other clinicopathological data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#(1) Complications of operation: the incidence of operative complications (including intraoperative and postoperative complications) in robot group was significantly lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [(20.6%, 27/131) vs (34.8%, 101/290); χ2=8.620, P=0.003)]. The incidence of intraoperative complications in robot group was lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [1.5% (2/131) vs 6.2% (18/290); χ2=4.368, P=0.037]. The incidence of intraoperative vascular injury in robot group was significantly lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [0.8% (1/131) vs 5.2% (15/290); χ2=4.798, P=0.022]. The incidence of postoperative complications in robot group was also lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [19.1% (25/131) vs 28.6% (83/290); χ2=4.303, P=0.038], but the incidence of postoperative lymphatic leakage in robot group was higher than that in traditional laparoscopy group [10.7% (14/131) vs 5.2% (15/290); χ2=4.279, P=0.039]. (2) Clavein-Dindo classification: the incidence of Clavein-Dindo Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ grade between two groups were respectively 3.8% (5/131) vs 11.0% (32/290), 13.7% (18/131) vs 14.5% (42/290), 3.1% (4/131) vs 8.6% (25/290), 0 (0/131) vs 0.3% (1/290), 0 (0/131) vs 0.3% (1/290), and the incidence of grade Ⅰ (χ2=5.684, P=0.015) and Ⅲ (χ2=4.361, P=0.037) complications were statistically significant. The incidence of severe complications in robot group (grade Ⅲ and above) was lower than that in traditional laparoscopy group [3.1% (4/131) vs 9.3% (27/290); χ2=5.179, P=0.023]. (3) Analysis of influencing factors of surgical complications: univariate analysis showed that BMI (χ2=15.801, P=0.000), preoperative anemia (χ2=14.299, P=0.000), total number of lymph node resection (χ2=10.425, P=0.001), surgical methods (χ2=8.620, P=0.003) were related to the occurrence of surgical complications of endometrial carcinoma. Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (OR=0.289, 95%CI: 0.097-0.864, P=0.026), preoperative anemia (OR=0.309, 95%CI: 0.129-0.740, P=0.008), the total number of lymph node resection (OR=0.624, 95%CI: 0.403-0.966, P=0.034) and surgical methods (OR=3.491, 95%CI: 1.030-11.840, P=0.045) were independent risk factors for surgical complications of endometrial carcinoma.@*Conclusions@#Compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery has fewer complications and lower incidence of severe complications. BMI, preoperative anemia, the total number of lymph node resection and surgical methods are independent risk factors for the occurrence of surgical complications of stage Ⅰ endometrial cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects of cancer susceptibility candidate gene 19 (CASC19) regulating the expression of microRNA-449b-5p (miR-449b-5p) on the proliferation, apoptosis and radiation sensitivity of cervical cancer cells.@*Methods@#(1) HeLa cells of cervical cancer cell line were cultured. HeLa cells were irradiated with X-ray at different doses (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy, respectively), then the expression level of CASC19 mRNA and miR-449b-5p were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. (2) HeLa cell proliferation, apoptosis, radiation sensitivity (expressed as a survival fraction) and its related protein expression included cyclin D1, cleaved-caspase-3, and histone variant H2AX (γ-H2AX) were examined after different treatment including silencing CASC19 expression, over-expressing miR-449b-5p, down-regulating miR-449b-5p and silencing CASC19 expression. (3) The dual luciferase reporter gene experiment and real-time quantitative PCR technology were used to verify the targeting relationship between CASC19 and miR-449b-5p.@*Results@#(1) With the increase of X-ray irradiation different dose (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy), the expression level of CASC19 mRNA in HeLa cells gradually increased (F=502.681, P=0.000), and the expression level of miR-449b-5p gradually decreased (F=202.936, P=0.000).(2) After silencing CASC19 expression or over-expressing miR-449b-5p, the survival rate of HeLa cells was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (P<0.05), the survival fraction was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the expression level of cyclin D1 protein was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and γ-H2AX protein were significantly increased (P<0.05). After down-regulating miR-449b-5p and silencing CASC19 expression, the survival rate of HeLa cells was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (P<0.05), the survival fraction was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the expression levels of cyclin D1 and γ-H2AX protein were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression level of cleaved-caspase-3 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). (3) Over expression of miR-449b-5p could significantly reduce the luciferase activity of CASC19 wild type (1.00±0.09 versus 0.37±0.05, P<0.01), but there were no significant effect on the luciferase activity of CASC19 mutant type (0.92±0.07 versus 0.94±0.05, P>0.05). After the expression of CASC19 was silenced, the expression level of miR-449b-5p in HeLa cells increased significantly (1.00±0.12 versus 4.84±0.49, P<0.05). After overexpression of CASC19, the expression level of miR-449b-5p in HeLa cells was significantly reduced (1.00±0.09 versus 0.38±0.04, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#CASC19 in HeLa cells negatively regulates the expression of miR-449b-5p, and down-regulating the expression of miR-449b-5p could partially reverse the effects of silencing CASC19 on HeLa cell proliferation, apoptosis and radiation sensitivity.
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Objective To analysis the short-term quality of life and clinical outcome of early enteral immunonutrition(EIN)used after operation in patients with totally endoscopic esophagectomy.Methods This randomized controlled trial enrolled 110 patients receiving totally endoscopic esophagectomy in department of thoracic surgery of the fourth hospital of Hebei medical university between May 2015 and November 2016.The patients were randomly divided into enteral immunonutrition group (EIN group,n =56) and parenteral nutrition group (PN group,n=54).The scale scores of quality of life,the time of first postoperative anal exhaust,the time of removal of drainage tube,the number of postoperative infections and the length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups before operation and after operation.Results (1) There were no significant differences in age,gender,education,marital status,tumor location,clinical stage,intraoperative bleeding between the two groups (P＞0.05).(2) There were no significant differences in the quality of life before operation (P＞0.05);All functional scale scores of EIN group were significantly higher than PN group (P＜0.05),while the symptom scale score were significantly lower than PN group(P＜0.05).(3) There were significant differences in the time of first postoperative anal exhaust,the time of removal of drainage tube,the number of postoperative pneumonia compliCations and the length ofhospitalization in the two groups (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of anastomotic fistula between the two groups(x2=0.621,P=0.431 4) The scale scores of quality of life (the overall health status as the representative) had a negatively linear relationship with the clinical outcome(P =0.000),the absolute value of correlation coefficient in EIN group was higher than that in PN group.The higher score of the quality of life,the shorter time of the postoperative anal exhaust,removal of drainage tube and the length of hospitalization.Conclusion Enteral immunonutrition can improve the quality of life,improve the prognosis and promote the rapid recovery of patients with totally endoscopic esophagectomy.
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Objective To investigate the effect and clinical value of interventional therapy in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia(GTN).Methods 28 cases of GTN were selected,of which 18 cases were treated with fluorouracil +dactinomycin(5-Fu+KSM)for 2 courses,however,the level of β-HCG and uterine lesions did not significantly reduced.The remained 10 cases were treated with etoposide+actinomycin-D+ methotrexate+ tetrahydrofolate+ vincristine+ cyclophosphamide(EMA-CO)chemotherapy for 2 courses,Ⅳ degree of myelosuppression and severe gastrointestinal reactions appeared and had to cease the next cycle of treatment. All patients were treated with uterine artery and/or ovarian arterial infusion(cisplatin,etoposide,bleomycin)for 2 courses,meanwhile, the gelatin sponge particles were used for embolization of uterine arteries and/or ovarian arteries.The β-HCG level,tumor volume, and the changes of sex hormones were tested before and one year after interventional therapy.Results 28 patients underwent transcatheter uterine arterial and/or ovarian arterial chemoembolization and embolization,the internal iliac arteriography showed significant tumor staining.20 patients underwent double uterine arterial infusion and embolization,and 8 patients underwent bilateral uterine arterial and unilateral ovarian arterial infusion and embolization.β-HCG and lesion size were measured on the 18th day after intervention.The results showed that the β-HCG decreased significantly after 2 courses of treatment,and the uterine lesion was reduced or disappeared,with a significant statistical difference,however,sex hormone levels did not changed significantly before interventional therapy and during one year follow-up.Conclusion The interventional treatment of GTN is less invasive,effective,and worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,treatment and prognosis of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD).Methods A total of 10 patients suffered from LPD after laparoscopic uterine myomectomy were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2012 to September 2016,and all clinical database were retrospectively analyzed.Results (1)Clinical features:the age of 10 cases was 25-50 years old,and 8 cases of them were in child-bearing age,while 2 cases were in perimenopausal period.Of 10 cases,2 cases manifested as discontinuous lower abdominal pain,and the other cases were seen the doctor for the examinations found tumors of pelvis or abdomen.All 10 cases had a history of laparoscopic uterine myomectomy under went power morcellation with an average of (4.0±2.2) years (range 1.3 to 8.1 years),2 cases of them had a history of oral hormone treatment after the first myoma morcellation.(2) Treatment methods and postoperative pathologic diagnosis:during intraoperative exploration,LPD nodules were most distributed in Douglas pouch (10 cases),and next in mesentery (7 cases),abdominal peritoneum (6 cases) and omentum majus (4 cases),etc.Seven of the 8 cases of child-bearing age were performed laparoscopic LPD nodules removal,1 case gone combined with laparotomy and resecting LPD nodules;2 cases in perimenopausal period done laparotomy oophorotomy and resected all LPD nodules and omentum.(3) Postoperative relapse and reproductive outcomes:the follow-up time of all cases was 2.8 years,and no recurrence was found during the follow-up period;2 cases had natural conception and term vaginal birth during the follow-up period.Conclusions LPD is mainly related to iatrogenic planting and spreading,which is a benign disease and characterized by multiple smooth muscle nodules throughout abdominopelvic cavity,and the nodules of LPD is commonly located in Douglas pouch,mesenteric and omentaum majus,etc.The preferred method of LPD should be individual operative treatment according to different situations,and in which patients may be have better prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the mechanism of pulmonary inflammation induced by influenza virus , and provide reference for the development of effective drugs for viral pneumonia .Methods An influenza PR8 infection mouse model was established .The levels of inflammatory cytokines and complement molecules were determined using RT -PCR and ELISA.The pathological changes were examined using biopsy .The complement inhibitor cobra venom factor ( CVF) was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 μg/( kg· 24 h) , and then body mass .The survival rate and inflammatory factors were examined .Results Compared with the control group , the expressions of complement regulatory molecule Crry and CD59 were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while those of complement C9 and complement receptor C3aR and C5aR were significantly increased in the lungs of influenza model mice (P<0.01).Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γwere highly expressed , but anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 was lowly expressed in serum .Treatment with CVF caused a sight body mass loss, a survival rate increase and a lung index decrease (P <0.05).Moreover, an IL-2 expression increase and a decrease of IL-6, TNF -αand INF-γexpression were observed in CVF treatment mice ( P< 0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of complement activation can increase the survival rate of mice with influenza pneumonia and decrease pulmonary indexes .thus delaying the pathogenesis of PR 8.
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Objective To investigate the optimal condition for transforming alkanna tinctoria pigment into shikonin. Methods Transformation rate of shikonin served as index. Transformation temperature, time, ratio of 2% NaOH to alkanna tinctoria pigment (v/w) was optimized. Results With ratio of 2% NaOH to alkanna tinctoria pigment being 4.5 mL·mg-1, temperature 35℃ and the reaction time 4 h, the transformation rate reached the highest, and the average transformation rate was 64.86%. Conclusion This method is easy and simple, and suitable for industrialized production.
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Objective To investigate the influence of pertussis toxin(PTX)on G protein-coupled estrogen receptor(GPER)-mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)signaling activated by 17 β-estradiol(17β-E2)in endometrial carcinoma cells.Methods Expressions of GPER protein were detected by immunohistochemical SP method in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells.Changes of levels of GPER,ERα and ERβ protein and the activation of Akt protein were observed by western blot in the two cells after they were treated by PTX for 30 minutes at different concentrations(0,0.1,0.5,1.0 μg/ml),and then co-stimulated with with 1 × 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 respectively at different time (Ishikawa 30 minutes,HEC-1A 15 minutes).Results(1)Immunohistochemical SP method showed that GPER was positive stained in cell cytoplasm of Ishikawa and HEC-1A cell.(2)After co-treated with PTX at different concentrations(0,O.1,0.5,1.0 μg/ml)and 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2,in Ishikawa cell,the ratio of pAkt/Akt was 0.74 ±0.54,0.34 ±0.06,0.18 ±0.03,0.07 ±0.15,the gray values of GPER was 0.872 ± 0.490,0.395 ± 0.054,0.145 ± 0.014,0.034 ± 0.008,and with increasing concentration of PTX,the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and the expression of GPER decreased gradually(P ＜ 0.05),which was most obviously when the concentration was 1.0 μg/ml(F =63.729,P =0.0001;F =160.284,P =0.0001);ERα and ERβ protein had no significant change among different groups(P ＞0.05).In HEC-1A cell,the ratio of pAkt/Akt was 0.73 ±0.09,0.26 ±0.14,0.11 ±0.03,0,the Gray values of GPER is 0.927 ±0.134,0.485 ± 0.022,0.194 ± 0.004,0,and with increasing concentration of PTX,the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and the expression of GPER decreased gradually(P ＜ 0.05),which were also completely inhibited when the concentration was 1 μg/ml(F =1039.321,P =0.0001;F =109.646,P =0.0001),ERα protein had no significant differences(P ＞ 0.05)among different groups.ERβ was negatively expressed.Conclusion The results proposed that the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells could be inhibited after blocking the role of GPER by PTX.
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Objectives To investigate the effects of plasma from the patients with preeclampsia on proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC),and to explore the relationship between cell damage and lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)receptors.Methods Sixty patients with preeclampsia were recruited from October 2011 to June 2012 in the First Affilated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.Among them,thirty cases were defined as the mild preeclampsia group and thirty cases were defined as the severe preeclampsia group.The other thirty healthy pregnant women were recruited in the healthy pregnant women group.The levels of plasma LPA in the three groups were measured.The HUVEC were cultured in vitro with plasma from the three groups,and a blank control group was set up as well.Proliferation and apoptosis of HUVEC were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry.Immunohistochemistry of biotin streptomyces protein peroxidase(SP)method was used to measure the protein expression level of Edg 2,4,7.Results(1)The plasma LPA levels in the healthy pregnant woman group,mild preeclampsia group and severe preeclampsia group were(3.38 ± 2.08)μmol/L,(6.12 ± 0.22)μmol/L,(9.10 ± 0.17)μmol/L,respectively.The plasma levels of LPA in patients with preeclampsia were significantly higher than that in the healthy pregnant women(P ＜ 0.01).(2)The proliferation rate of HUVEC in the mild and severe preeclampsia groups [(65.2 ± 2.7)％ and(51.9 ± 2.8)％] were significantly lower than that in the healthy pregnant women group and the control group [(84.3 ± 3.1)％ and(100.0 ± 0.0)％,P ＜ 0.01].(3)The early apoptosis rate,middle-late apoptosis rate and total apoptosis rate of HUVEC in the mild and severe preeclampsia groups [total apoptosis rate were(30.4 ±2.0)％ and(43.4 ±2.5)％] were significantly higher than those in the healthy pregnant women group and the control group [total apoptosis rate were(18.6 ± 1.6)％ and(8.0 ± 1.5)％,P ＜ 0.01].(4)The expression positive rates of Edg 2,4,7 proteins in the four groups were as following:mild preeclampsia group 83％,80％ and 73％;severe preeclampsia group 97％,93％ and 90％;healthy pregnant women group 40％,40％ and 37％,and the control group 10％,10％ and 7％ respectively.The positive rates of HUVEC in the mild and severe preeclampsia groups were significantly higher than those in the healthy pregnant women group and the control group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The plasma of patients with preeclampsia could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of HUVEC,and induce the expression of Edg 2,4,7 proteins.It suggested that the increase of lysophosphatidic acid in plasma could be one of the reasons of endothelial cell damage in patients with preeclampsia.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of G protein-coupled ER (GPER) and ER in the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) induced by 17β-estradiol (17β-E2 )in endometrial carcinoma cells,Ishikawa and HEC-1A.Methods Expressions of GPER,Erα and Erβ protein in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.Levels of GPER,Erα and Erβ were examined by western blot in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells after treated with 1 ×10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 at different time (0,15,30,60,120 minutes).ResultsGPER was positive expressed in Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells.Erα and Erβ were both positive expressed in Ishikawa cells.While,Erα was weakly expressed and Erβ was almost negatively expressed in HEC-1A cells.Western blot analysis showed that 1× 10-6 mol/L 17β-E2 treatment,the Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells GPER protein level for 15 minutes markedly increased (P ＜ 0.05 ),which Ishikawa 30 minutes,when cells reached the highest level (0.192 ± 0.004),HEC-1A cells for 15 minutes and reached the highest level (0.184 ±0.006) ; Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells,Akt,activation of 15 minutes from the treatment start was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05 ),which Ishikawa cells for 30 minutes and reached the highest level (0.666 ± 0.021 ),HEC-1A cells for 15 minutes and reached maximum (0.788 ± 0.035); Ishikawa and HEC-1 A cells,Erα and Erβ protein expression did not change significantly ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion GPER likely involved in non-nuclear activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in endometrial carcinoma cells,Ishikawa and HEC-1A.
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Objective To investigate the effects of signal pathway inhibitors PD98059 and LY294002 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, expressions of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulared kinase (p-ERK) and phosphorylated protein kinase B ( p-Akt) in endometrial carcinoma xenografts. Methods Human endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells were cultured in vitro. The effects of PD98059 and LY294002 on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution of endometrial cancer cells were detected by monotetrazolium ( MTT) assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique. The models of xenografted tumor were established by the subcutaneous inoculation in 24 nude mice, and then they were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 6) , normal saline group, PD98059 group (PD group) , LY294002 group ( LY group) or PD98059 + LY294002 group ( PD + LY group) by intraperitoneal injections, respectively. The anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated by measuring tumor volume and tumor growth status. The histopathological change of tumor specimens was observed using HE staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP-digoxigen in nick and labeling method (TUNEL) testing and the expression levels of p-ERK and p-Akt were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results ( 1) The proliferation of Ishikawa cells were suppressed after treated by PD98059 and ( or) Y294002, in which A570 values of cells decreased showing both time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner ( LY294002: Fgroup = 9. 801, P = 0. 002; Ftime = 10. 398, P = 0. 001. PD98059: Fgroup= 8. 213, P = 0. 015; Ftime = 6. 839, P = 0. 036). Cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that percentage of Ishikawa cells at G0/G1 phase(Ftime =35.049, P= 0.004; Fgroup = 32. 024, P ＜0. 01) increased and percentage of S phase cells (Ftime = 7. 789, P = 0. 049; Fgroup = 30. 132, P ＜0. 01) decreased significantly. The percentage of apoptotic cells increased significantly among PD group, LY group and PD + LY group, in which there were significant difference [(63. 3 ±0.5)% vs (30. 7 ± 20. 1) % vs(40. 8 ± 1. 3) % ; F = 621. 059, P ＜ 0. 01]. (2) Compared with the control group, the increasing of transplanting tumor volume in the treated groups were obviously ( F = 23. 545 , P ＜ 0. 01) , and the inhibited rate of the tumor was higher in PD + LY group than that in PD group or LY group [(68 ± 9 ) % vs ( 32 ± 16 ) % or ( 38 ± 17 ) % ; F = 10. 283 , P ＜ 0. 05]. ( 3 ) HE staining shown that there were different degrees of necrosis for endometrial carcinoma cell in different groups. The apoptosis of tumor cells were significantly increased in treated groups by TUNEL testing [(13. 7 ± 1. 5)% , ( 14. 1 ± 1. 2)% , (29. 0 ± 1. 8 ) % ; F = 320. 344, P ＜ 0. 01]. Immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that the expressions of p-ERK and p-Akt in treated groups were lower than that in control group, of which LY + PD group was the lowest one. Conclusion The signal pathway inhibitors PD98059 and LY294002 could inhibit the growth of human endometrial carcinoma in vivo and in vitro, in which may induce cell apoptosis.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of clinical commonly encountered pathogens and their drug resistance in our hospital,and provide reference for reasonable choices of the clinical antibiotics.METHODS The K-B method was used to test the sensitivity to antibiotics of 859 strains pathogens isolated from all kinds of infected samples during from Jan to Dec 2006 in our hospital,at the same time the ESBLs of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella and the MRS were detected.RESULTS The more pathogens isolated from our hospital were E.coli,Staphylococcus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella,Acinetobacter and Enterococcus.The ESBLs isolating rate was 32.8% in E.coli and 29.4% in Klebsiella,and the sensitivity to antibiotics was degraded obviously in those ESBLs producing strains.Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic to Gram-negative bacilli,cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam also had better antibacterial activity.The isolating rate of MRSA and MRCNS was 32.6% and 40.7% in S.aureus and MRCNS.Gram-positive cocci had the best sensitivity to vancomycin.There was no drug-resistant Enterococcus strain to vancomycin being found.CONCLUSIONS We should think highly of the bacterial drug resistance and use antibiotics reasonably.
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Objective Cellular response to estradiol is mediated both by estrogen receptor (ER) binding to estrogen response element (ERE) and by non-nuclear actions like activation of signal transduction pathways such as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, the signal transduction of estrogen involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K -PKB) is not clear in endometrial carcinoma. Our purpose was to study if PI3K-PKB signaling pathway could be activated rapidly by 17?-E 2 through non-nuclear action and also, whether PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, could inhibit such non-nuclear action of 17?-E 2 in endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa. Methods Levels of phosphorylated PKB(Ser473 site, p-PKB) and total PKB were examined by western blotting in Ishikawa cells after stimulation with 17?-E 2 at 1?10 -6 mol/L for different time periods and at varied doses for 30 min. Optimal time and appropriate dose for 17?-E 2 to activate PKB in Ishikawa cells were observed. Inhibitory effect of LY294002 on activation of PKB induced by 17?-E 2 was also studied. p-PKB/PKB ratio was used to indicate levels of activation of PKB. Results p-PKB/PKB at 15 min (0.533?0.029) was significantly higher than the control (0.361?0.029, P 0.05, 0.05,